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Wilhelm Reich was a scientist who lived from 1897 to 1957. He was born on March 24, in the German-Ukranian part of Austria. His father was Leon Reich and his mother's name was Cecilia Reich. Cecilia was only 19 when Wilhelm was born. In the first year of the nineteenth century, Wilhelm's brother Robert Reich was born. When Wilhelm was fourteen years old, his mother committed suicide. She had been having an affair with one of Wilhelm's teachers, and Leon Reich discovered this. In 1914, when he was seventeen, Wilhelm's father died, and he was left to manage the farm. He directed the work, while still continuing with his studies, until 1915, when as a result of WWI Reich was forced to evacuate and leave the property. Wilhelm was in the Austrian Army from 1915 to 1918, and fought at the Italian front on three occasions. In 1918, Wilhelm entered the Medical School of the University of Vienna. He earned his living and paid his way through school by tutoring other students in pre-medical subjects. Because he was a war veteran, he was allowed to complete the 6-year course in just 4 years. He passed the exam in 18 medical subjects, and he was given an excellent ranking in all of the pre-medical subjects. In July of 1922, Wilhelm graduated from the University and received his M.D. degree. During the last year at the Medical School, before his graduation, Wilhelm took postgraduate work in Internal Medicine at the University Clinics of Ortner and Chvostek at the University Hospital in Vienna. He continued this work, after Medical School, in the field of Neuro-Psychiatry for two years, from 1922 to 1924. He studied this field at the Neurological and Psychiatric University Clinic under a teacher named professor Wagner-Jauregg, and for one of those years, he worked and studied in the disturbed wards under Paul Schilder. These postgraduate studies also included polyclinical work in hypnosis and suggestive therapy at the University Clinic he was attending, and lectures and special classes in biology at the University of Vienna. However, before he had graduated from Medical School, he attained membership in the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, in October of 1920, which was then under the direction of Sigmund Freud. |
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Wilhelm began a private practice in psychoanalytic and psychiatric areas in the year 1922, but his work in the research of orgone energy required him to quit his private practice. His research in orgone energy will be discussed later in this report.
From 1922 until 1930, Wilhelm Reich worked at Freud's Psychoanalytic Polyclinic in Vienna as First Clinical Assistant, then as Vice Director and also as the Director of the Seminar for Psychoanalytic Therapy. As one of the faculty members at the Institute he gave lectures and did research at the Polyclinic and at consultation centers throughout Vienna, which he founded and led from 1928 through 1930. Wilhelm Reich was forced to leave Germany, when Hitler took absolute power and control in the winter on 1933.
From 1934 until 1939, Wilhelm lectured and did research in orgone biophysics at the Psychological Institute of the University of Oslo, Norway. In 1939, Reich came to the United States after receiving an invitation from Theodore P. Wolfe, M.D., who was the representative of American Psychosomatic Medicine.
Reich transferred the Orgone Energy Laboratory to Forest Hills, New York. Until 1941, Wilhelm Reich gave lectures on orgone biophysics at the New School for Social Research in New York City, where he was the Associate Professor of Medical Psychology. In 1942, Wilhelm Reich founded the Orgone Institute in New York, and also acquired 200 hundred acres of land in Maine, which was to be the future home of Orgonomy, the Science of the Life Energy. Students and friends of Wilhelm Reich founded the Wilhelm Reich foundation in Maine, in the year 1949. This was done to secure the future of Wilhelm's discovery of the Cosmic Orgone Energy.
In 1954, The FDA (Federal Food and Drug Administration) initiated a complaint for an injunction against Wilhelm Reich and his foundation, clearly designed to discredit and attack Wilhelm's discovery of Orgone Energy. Wilhelm refused to appear in court to defend the matters, which concerned basic natural research. Instead he explained himself in a letter to Judge Clifford, who represented the US Court of the District of Maine. However, an injunction was issued on March 19 on default of W.R. for not responding in court directly.
Wilhelm Reich was latter accused of criminal contempt, for disobeying the injunction against him, and after a trial in May of 1956, he was sentenced to two years in jail. The Wilhelm Reich Foundation was fined for 10,000 dollars, and one of the Orgonomic physicians was sentenced to one year in prison.
Wilhelm Reich's main contribution to science was the discovery of Orgone Energy. He first discovered this energy in a culture of bions. A bion, which means "energy vesicle", is a small vesicle, or strand of matter that is filled with fluid, and is charged with energy. Bions are clearly visible only under magnification that is over 2000 times the original size.
Bions are formed in organic and inorganic matter through a swelling process. In the swelling process, the matter disintegrates into tiny vesicles, which contain fluid. Wood, dried moss, wool, coal, soot, and muscle and animal tissue are some substances, which disintegrate because of the swelling process. Cancer cells develop from bions, which are produced when the vesicles in damaged or suffocated tissues disintegrate.
If bions are viewed with an apochromatic lens, with a magnification of preferably 3000 to 4000 times, then the viewer can see that the bions have a bluish glimmer, no matter what material or substance they were found or produced in. This glimmer is a sign of the energy given off by the bions, and when the light disappears, the characteristics of the bions disappear with them. The vesicles show very small vibrations, and they refract light strongly. Bions can be grown in cultures under very precise conditions. Bions have the ability to organize themselves into protozoa and cancer cells.
Bions have the ability to permeate other bions that have a different origin. Bions, which give off a strong blue light, can kill or paralyze small protozoa, and they can destroy cancer tissues by permeating them. One kind of cancer cells in mice can be killed by certain bions, even at a distance. Bions are not living forms or organisms, they only carry biological energy. However, they can form small living organisms under strict environment conditions.
Wilhelm began experiments with bions in the year 1936. By 1937, Wilhelm had found a way to quicken the swelling process of the substances he was working with, and he could start and finish the bionous disintegration of the matter within a few minutes. For the next two years, Wilhelm experimented with the disintegration of the matter and the organization of the bions into bacteria and cells.
In January of the year 1939, one of Wilhelm Reich's assistants was demonstrating the swelling process to a visitor. She had used the wrong container in the experiment. Instead of using earth, the assistant used ocean sand, without realizing that this would start the discovery of the energy referred to as orgone energy. Two days later, a growth was discovered in the solution, which produced a yellow growth when it was mixed with egg medium and agar. Under magnification, it could be seen that the culture contained large, somewhat mobile, bluish groups of energy vesicles. The experiment was repeated 8 times in the next few months, and during five times the same cultures grew. These bions were then called SAPA, derived from the words sand packet.
The SAPA bions had a much stronger affect then other bions on protozoa and bacilli. The SAPA bions killed or paralyzed cancer cells at a much larger distance then other bions that were tested, and the process that killed those cells was recorded onto microfilm. Wilhelm noticed that after studying the SAPA bions for a few hours, that his eyes began to hurt, Through several tests and small experiments, Wilhelm deduced that bions were giving off small amounts of radiation. Wilhelm went through several methods to test the SAPA bions for radiation but they all failed. Finally, he tested the cultures in a very simple way, he held the test tubes containing the SAPA bions against the palm of his hand. He went through another series of tests to determine if the bions were radioactive, including testing the cultures with an electroscope, which did not work either. Wilhelm discovered that the cultures were definitely giving off energy of some kind. He did experiments on the SAPA bions and he found that the energy seemed to be, as he said, present everywhere.
At one point, Wilhelm tried to observe the cultures in the basement where he kept them. When his eyes adjusted to the light, he realized that the room was not truly black. Instead, there were blue-gray fog-like clouds, and blue lines and dots. The light came from the walls and other certain objects as well. To prove that he was not seeing a kind of illusion, he used a magnifying glass to study the light, and it did grow more intense. Wilhelm noticed that his eyes grew tired and hurt after two hours in the basement, and one-day he even spent five straight hours in the room. On that day, after about two hours, Wilhelm noticed that the blue light had gathered around his palms, shirt sleeves, and hair. To test that this light was real and truly did exist he brought other people into the basement, and they confirmed most of the observations that he had made. One of the men that observed the cultures in the basement told Wilhelm that he felt like he had been looking at the sun for a long amount of time.
This statement led Wilhelm to believe that the radiation was connected with the energy from the sun. This would have confirmed the irritation to his eyes, and the reddening and tanning that had occurred on his skin. Wilhelm went through an experiment that proved that the energy did in fact seem to exist everywhere, including living organisms. Wilhelm discovered that the energy, which he named orgone energy, was absorbed by organic matter.
Wilhelm built small, carefully constructed boxes to contain and observe the SAPA cultures and the orgone energy that they gave off. He discovered that the bluish light was present when the cultures were placed inside of the box, but the light was also visible after the SAPA cultures had been removed and the box had been ventilated. After Wilhelm studied the atmosphere he discovered that there was an energy present in the atmosphere too. He realized that this was the reason why he had seen the energy when there were no cultures present nearby
Wilhelm went through many experiments and he researched the energy, and confirmed that orgone energy is present everywhere He designed a sort of box, about the size of a telephone booth, that had walls which gathered the orgone energy. This energy, which had been once documented on microfilm as being able to kill or paralyze cancer cells, seemed to have a healing effect on many people. He called this box an orgone accumulator, and it did help many people with their ailments and diseases.
After the injunction and jail sentence that were mentioned previously, Wilhelm Reich died in jail on November 3, 1957,
The effects, experiments and ideas that I have presented in this paper are but a small part of Wilhelm Reich's life and research into orgone energy. The Wilhelm Reich Foundation still exists but now as the Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust Fund, which operates his property, Orgonon, as a museum in Rangeley, Maine. There are a few people who have dedicated themselves to following Wilhelm Reich's path in discovering and using orgone energy in our world today.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
PORE - Jogg. "Public Orgonomic Research Exchange"; http://www.orgone.org ; visited Dec18, 1997
Selected Writings by Wilhelm Reich
Published by Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, copyright 1973.
Wilhelm Reich and Orgonomy by Ola Raknes, Ph.D.
Published by Pengiun Books, copyright 1970.
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